UEFA Women's Europa Cup Final Stages stats & predictions

Tactics of Team A: Defensive Fortress Meets Midfield Mastery

The backbone of Team A lies in its robust defense coupled with astute midfield management led by Sarah Thompson...

• Focusing on maintaining possession through short passes...
• Leveraging counter-attacks when opportunities arise...
• Maintaining formation integrity against aggressive opponents...

Tactics of Team B: High Pressing Attackers Seize Opportunities Quickly

To neutralize strong defenses like that of Team A...

• Focusing on high pressing strategies...
• Aiming for quick transitions from defense to attack...
• Capturing loose balls in critical zones...

Tactics of Team C: Youthful Energy Combines with Strategic Flexibility

The strength of youth lies not just in energy but also adaptability... Jessica Lee’s role is pivotal here...

• Varying formations based on opponent weaknesses...
• Focusing on dynamic playmaking abilities...
• Maintaining high tempo throughout matches...

Tactics of Team D: Experience Dictates Composure Under Pressure

The hallmark trait of experienced teams like that of Natalie Green’s...is maintaining composure under pressure... Tactics include...

• Focused marking strategies targeting key opposition players...
• Calmly exploiting counter-attacking spaces left open by aggressive opponents...
• Maintaining possession until strategic opportunities present themselves... [0]: import sys [1]: import json [2]: import os [3]: import math [4]: import numpy as np [5]: def get_annotated_files(): [6]: """Returns all annotated files.""" [7]: return [f.split('.')[0] for f in os.listdir('data/annotated') if f.endswith('.json')] [8]: def get_all_files(): [9]: """Returns all files.""" [10]: return [f.split('.')[0] for f in os.listdir('data/all') if f.endswith('.json')] [11]: def get_file(file_name): [12]: """Returns content from file_name.json""" [13]: if not file_name: [14]: return [] [15]: try: [16]: f = open("data/annotated/" + file_name + ".json", "r") [17]: # Get json data from file [18]: data = json.load(f) [19]: # Close file [20]: f.close() [21]: return data [22]: except FileNotFoundError: [23]: print("File does not exist.") ***** Tag Data ***** ID: N1 description: The function `get_file` reads JSON data from a file specified by `file_name`. It includes error handling for missing files using try-except blocks. start line: 11 end line: 23 dependencies: - type: Function name: get_file start line: 11 end line: 23 context description: This function reads JSON content from a specific directory ('data/annotated') given a filename without extension. algorithmic depth: 4 algorithmic depth external: N obscurity: 2 advanced coding concepts: 3 interesting for students: 5 self contained: Y ************ ## Challenging aspects ### Challenging aspects in above code 1. **Error Handling**: The current implementation handles only `FileNotFoundError`. Students must consider other potential exceptions such as `IOError`, `JSONDecodeError`, or permission issues when accessing files. 2. **Data Validation**: After loading JSON data from a file, it’s important to validate its structure or content before returning it. 3. **Directory Structure Assumptions**: The function assumes all files reside directly within 'data/annotated'. Handling nested directories or multiple directories requires more sophisticated logic. 4. **Concurrency Issues**: If multiple processes access or modify these files simultaneously (e.g., writing new annotations), it could lead to race conditions or corrupted data. 5. **Scalability**: Reading large JSON files can be memory-intensive; students need efficient ways to handle large datasets. 6. **Edge Cases**: Consider scenarios where filenames may contain special characters or spaces. ### Extension 1. **Recursive Directory Traversal**: Extend functionality so that it can read JSON files not just from 'data/annotated', but also recursively through subdirectories. 2. **Dynamic File Monitoring**: Implement functionality where new files added during runtime are detected and processed without restarting the program. 3. **File Format Variations**: Handle cases where some files might point towards other JSON files located elsewhere (e.g., references within JSON). ## Exercise ### Problem Statement: Expand upon [SNIPPET] by incorporating additional functionalities: 1. Implement recursive directory traversal so that your function reads JSON files not only from 'data/annotated' but also any subdirectories. 2. Enhance error handling mechanisms beyond just `FileNotFoundError`. Handle exceptions such as `IOError`, `JSONDecodeError`, etc., providing meaningful error messages. 3. Validate loaded JSON content against a predefined schema using libraries such as `jsonschema`. 4. Monitor changes dynamically so that newly added JSON files during runtime are detected and processed automatically without restarting your script. 5. Ensure thread safety when accessing shared resources like reading/writing JSON files concurrently. 6. Provide unit tests demonstrating your function works correctly under various scenarios including edge cases (e.g., filenames with special characters). ### Requirements: - Use Python standard libraries wherever possible. - Maintain code readability through comments/documentation. - Follow PEP8 guidelines strictly. ## Solution python import os import json import threading from watchdog.observers import Observer from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler from jsonschema import validate from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError # Define schema for validation example purposes SCHEMA = { "type": "object", "properties": { "name": {"type": "string"}, "age": {"type": "integer"} }, } class NewFileHandler(FileSystemEventHandler): def __init__(self): self.files_to_process = [] def on_created(self, event): if event.src_path.endswith(".json"): self.files_to_process.append(event.src_path) def get_json_files(directory): """Recursively find all .json files within directory""" json_files = [] for root_dirpath , _, filenames in os.walk(directory): for filename in filenames: if filename.endswith(".json"): json_files.append(os.path.join(root_dirpath,filename)) return json_files def load_and_validate_json(file_path): """Load JSON data from file path & validate against schema""" try: with open(file_path) as f: data = json.load(f) validate(instance=data , schema=SCHEMA) return data except FileNotFoundError: print(f"File {file_path} does not exist.") except IOError as e: print(f"IO Error occurred while reading {file_path}: {str(e)}") except json.JSONDecodeError: print(f"Invalid JSON format found in {file_path}.") except ValidationError as e: print(f"Validation error found while processing {file_path}: {str(e)}") def process_new_files(new_files_handler): while True: if new_files_handler.files_to_process: file_path = new_files_handler.files_to_process.pop(0) print(load_and_validate_json(file_path)) if __name__ == "__main__": # Directory path DIRECTORY_PATH = 'data/annotated' # Initialize handler object handler = NewFileHandler() # Set up observer object observer = Observer() # Schedule event handler class observer.schedule(handler , DIRECTORY_PATH , recursive=True) # Start observing observer.start() try : process_new_files(handler) except KeyboardInterrupt : observer.stop() observer.join() ## Follow-up exercise 1) Modify your solution so that it logs all operations (file accesses/errors) into a log file instead of printing them directly. 2) Introduce caching mechanisms such that already processed files aren't reprocessed unless they've changed since last processing. ## Solution python import os import json import threading from watchdog.observers import Observer from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler from jsonschema import validate from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError import logging # Configure logging module logging.basicConfig(filename='file_processor.log', level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s:%(levelname)s:%(message)s') # Define schema example purposes SCHEMA = { "type": "object", "properties": { "name": {"type": "string"}, "age": {"type": "integer"} }, } class NewFileHandler(FileSystemEventHandler): def __init__(self): self.files_to_process = [] def on_created(self,event): if event.src_path.endswith(".json"): self.files_to_process.append(event.src_path) def get_json_files(directory): """Recursively find all .json files within directory""" json_files=[] for root_dirpath , _ , filenames in os.walk(directory): for filename in filenames: if filename.endswith(".json"): json_files.append(os.path.join(root_dirpath,filename)) return json_files def load_and_validate_json(file_path): """Load JSON data from file path & validate against schema""" try: with open(file_path)as f: data=json.load(f) validate(instance=data,schema=SCHEMA) return data except FileNotFoundError: logging.error(f"File {file_path} does not exist.") except IOErroras e: logging.error(f"IO Error occurred while reading {file_path}: {str(e)}") except json.JSONDecodeError: logging.error(f"Invalid JSON format found in {file_path}.") except ValidationErroras e: logging.error(f"Validation error found while processing {file_path}: {str(e)}") def process_new_files(newfiles_handler): cached_processed=set() while True: if newfiles_handler.files_to_process: file_path=newfiles_handler.files_to_process.pop(0) if file_path notin cached_processedoros.path.getmtime(file_paths)>cached_processed.get(file_paths,None): result=load_and_validate_json(file_paths) if resultisnotNone: cached_processed[file_paths]=os.path.getmtime(file_paths) print(result) if __name__=="__main__": DIRECTORY_PATH='data/annotated' handler=NewFileHandler() observer=Observer() observer.schedule(handler,DIRECTORY_PATH ,recursive=True) observer.start() try : process_newfiles(handler) except KeyboardInterrupt : observer.stop() observer.join() 1] **Chapter Title:** Bibliography **Book Title:** Understanding North Korea**Book Subtitle:** Politics, Economy and Society**Book Editor(s): Nicholas Eberstadt**Published by:** National Bureau of Asian Research **Stable URL:** https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/j.ctt2204rmq.19 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, https://about.jstor.org/terms This content is licensed under a RAND Corporation License. National Bureau $of$ Asian Research is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Understanding North Korea book title page transcribed by user uploaded book page images available at http://www.archive.org/details/chapmanbiblio2016chapman/page/n1/mode/2up Accessed via https://archive.org/details/chapmanbiblio2016chapman/page/n7/mode/1up on Wed Sep $27,$ $2017$ at $20:$ $46cdot s$ JSTOR This content downloaded from $117cdot mathrm{g}66/mathrm{on}$ Tue $mathrm{Sep}$ $mathrm{oc},202405:$ $cdot mathrm{ses}$ All use subject $tan$ https://about.jstor.org/terms Understanding North Korea Politics Economy Society Edited by Nicholas Eberstadt Copyright @ National Bureau Of Asian Research May $2016$ Library Of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names Eberstadt Nicholas editor Title Understanding North Korea : politics economy society / edited by Nicholas Eberstadt Description Washington DC : National Bureau Of Asian Research Includes bibliographical references Indexes Identifiers LCCN2016001918| ISBN9781611786555 Subjects LCSH North Korea -- Politics And Government -- History -- To $2000.$ | North Korea -- Social Conditions -- History -- To $2000.$ | North Korea -- Economic Conditions -- History -- To $2000.$ Classification LCC DS915 .U53 | DDC951-dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016001918 Published by National Bureau Of Asian Research® www.nbr.org/ The opinions expressed herein are those solelyofthe authorsand do not necessarily reflectthe viewsof National Bureau Of Asian Research staff,titration board members,the Board Of Trustees,the officersofother institutionsor governments,witheitherexpressedor implied endorsement.NationalBureauOfAsianResearchdoesnottake positionsonpolicy issues.Knowledge at Wharton doesnot take policy positionsinits publications.This publicationhas beenpeer reviewedby selected scholarsand practitioners,butit shouldnotbe consideredan officialpositionstatementof 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CAUCASUS TRANS-CASPIAN REGION AZERBAIJÁN ASIATIC TURKEY ARMENIA MESOPOTAMIA IRAK EL-BASRAH EL-KUT ABADÁN FAKKAH BABYLON IRANIANS PERSIAN GULF ARABIAN SEA BHURTPORE RAJPUTANA DELHI AGRA BENARES ALLAHABAD PATNA MOULMEIN AVA YANGON TENASSERIM PENINSULA CHINA MANCHURIA SHANTUNG KOREA YELLOW SEA EAST CHINA SEA SHANGHAI FORMOSA PHILIPPINE ISLANDS NORTH CHINA SEA SOUTH CHINA SEA YELLOW SEAEASTERN SEATO SOUTHERN SEATO FAR EASTERN SEATO WESTERN SEATO EASTERN SEATO MIDWAY ATOLL MARIANNES CAROLINE ISLANDS MARSHALL ISLANDS PALAU ORONO TOBIN HOI NUUK FROGMOUTH FROGMOUTH ICELAND ICELAND NORTH ATLANTIC ICEBERGS GREENLAND ICEBERGS NORTH ATLANTIC NORTH ATLANTIC ICEBERGS GREENLAND ICELAND NORWAY SWEDEN DENMARK RUSSIA FINLAND ESTHONia LATVia LITHuania POLAND WARSAW GALICHIE VLADIVOSTOK RUSSIAN FAR EAST RUSSIAN EMPIRE CAUCASUS TRANS-CASPian REGION AZERBAIJÁN ASIATIC TURKEY ARMENIA MESOPOTAMIA IRAK EL-BASRAH EL-KUT ABADÁN FAKKAH BABYLON IRANIANS PERSIAN GULF ARABIAN SEA BHURTPORE RAJPUTANA DELHI AGRA BENARES ALLAHABAD PATNA MOULMEIN AVA YANGON TENASSERIM PENINSULA CHINA MANCHURIA SHANTUNG KOREA YELLOW Sea EAST CHINA Sea SHANGHAI FORMOSA PHILIPPINE ISLANDES NORTH China Sea SOUTH China Sea YELLOW SEEASTERN Seato SOUTHERn Seato FAR Eastern Seato WESTern Seato EASTern Seato MIDWAY ATOLL MARIANNES CAROLINE Islands MARSHALL Islands PALAU ORONO TOBIN HOI NUUK FROGMOUTH FROGMOUTH ICEland ICELAnd NORTH Atlantic IceBErgs GREENland IceBErgs NORTHer Atlantic IceBERGs GREENland IcelAnd NORway SWEden DENmark RUSSIa FINland ESThonIa LATVIa LiTHuania POLAnd WARsaW GAlichie VLADIvostok RUSSIAn Far East RUSSIAn EMPIre CAuCASus TRANS-CASPian REGION AZerBAiján Asiatic Turkey ARMenia MEsoPOTamia IRAK El-Basrah El-Kut Abadán FaKKah BaBYlon IRAniAns PErsian Gulf AraBIAn Sea BhurTPore RAjputAna DeLIa GraND DeLIa AGRa BEnAreS AllaHAbaD PaTna MoUlMeIn Ava YaNGoOn TeNaSSerIm PeNInsula ChiNa MaNCHiuRa ShanTuNg KoREA YEllow See AsT ChiNa See ShaNGhai FoRmoSa PhIlIpPiNe IsLaNdEs NoRTHe ChiNa See SoUrTh CheNa 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NuUK FroGmouTH FroGmouTH IcElAnd IcElAnd NoRTHe AtlAntic IceBerGs GreEnLand IceBerGs NoRTHe AtlAntic NorWay SweDen DenMaRK RusSiYA FinLand EsThOnYA LatvYA LiThuaNY PoLand WarSaW GaLiChYE VaLdiVoStOk RusSiYa FaR EaSt RusSiYa EmPiRe CaUsAsUs TrAn-CAsPiAn ReGiOn AzErBaIJáN AsiTiC TuRkEy ArMeNiA MeSoPoTaMi